The paper presents a new digital infrastructure layer for buildings and architectural assets. The infrastructure layer consists of a combination of topology graphs secured on a decentralised ledger. The topology graphs organise non-fungible digital tokens which each represent and correspond to building components, and in the root of the graph to the building itself.The paper presents background research in the relationship of building representation in the form of graphs with topology, of both manifold and non manifold nature. In parallel we present and analyse the relationship between digital representation and physical manifestation of a building, and back again. Within the digital representations the paper analyses the securing and saving of information on decentralised ledger technologies (such as blockchain). We then present a simple sample of generating and registering a non-manifold topology graph on the Ethereum blockchain as an EC721 token, i.e.
| Authors | Theodoros Dounas and Wassim Jabi and Davide Lombardi |
|---|---|
| Year | 2021 |
| Venue | Projections - Proceedings of the 26th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia, CAADRIA 2021 |
| DOI | 10.52842/CONF.CAADRIA.2021.2.151 |
| Source Database | Seed (CumInCAD) |
| Bridge-to-GNN | Category Seed |
| GNN Architecture | Not yet extracted from PDF |
| Graph Encoding | Not yet extracted from PDF |
| AEC Task | Not yet extracted from PDF |
| Cohort | Early Infrastructure (2020–2021) |
| Implementation Framework | Topologic, Revit / Dynamo (heuristic — verify) |
|---|---|
| Key Finding | and analyse the relationship between digital representation and physical manifestation of a building, and back again (heuristic — verify) |
| Quality Assessment | 1/6 · rigor: Low · Code/Data: ✓ (heuristic — verify) |
| GNN architectures detected | Knowledge Graph Embedding (TransE/RotatE/DistMult) |
|---|---|
| Frameworks / libraries | Topologic / Topologicpy |
| Code repositories found in text | https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md · https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md |
| Dataset stats found | 12 edges |
| Quality (heuristic, 6-flag) | 1/6 · rigor: Low Code/Data: ✓Benchmark: —Baseline: —CV/Split: —Ablation: —Reproducible: — |
Part of the GML/GNN in AEC Systematic Review (PRISMA 2020) — 112 papers, 2020–2026