[25] PIDQA—Question Answering on Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams

Paper Description extracted from PDF · abstract · 145 words

This paper introduces a novel framework enabling natural language question answering on Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), addressing a critical gap between engineering design documentation and intuitive information retrieval. Our approach transforms static P&IDs into queryable knowledge bases through a three-stage pipeline. First, we recognize entities in a P&ID image and organize their relationships to form a base entity graph. Second, this entity graph is converted into a Labeled Property Graph (LPG), enriched with semantic attributes for nodes and edges. Third, a Large Language Model (LLM)-based information retrieval system translates a user query into a graph query language (Cypher) and retrieves the answer by executing it on LPG. For our experiments, we augmented a publicly available P&ID image dataset with our novel PIDQA dataset, which comprises 64,000 question–answer pairs spanning four categories: (I) simple counting, (II) spatial counting, (III) spatial connections, and (IV) value-based questions.